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This chapter extends the analysis of the modernist face to Abe’s 1964 novel, which it considers as a text of global modernism. The novel is framed by the conventions of science fiction: the protagonist, a Japanese scientist, has an accident that destroys his face. Studying physiognomic manuals which draw on both Western and Japanese traditions of physiognomy, he builds a new face, which takes the form of an all-powerful mask. This mask acquires a life of its own, prompting philosophical speculation on facial alienation and the ethics of the face. The chapter traces a dialogue between Abe’s novel and Kōjin Karatani’s Origins of Japanese Literature (1980) on the “invention” of the face in Japanese literature. For both novelist and theorist, literature offers an infrastructure for the global travels of the face as a system of signification.
An understanding of the management of chronic facial palsy is vital for otolaryngologists, due to its common presentation to ENT surgeons. There is currently a lack of consensus on the optimum management of this condition. This article reviews the existing literature and offers a perspective on current management, as well as an insight into future treatments.
Methods:
A literature search was performed, using the Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases from 1966 to the present, using the keywords listed below. Articles were reviewed. Selection was limited to English language articles on human subjects.
Results and conclusion:
A tailored, multidisciplinary approach using combinatorial therapy should be used for reanimation of the face following facial palsy. Advances in surgical and non-surgical techniques, and the exchange of information from centres of excellence via global databases, will enable objective appraisal of results and the development of an evidence-based approach to facial reanimation.
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