This article examines the evolution of Soviet operatic conventions during Khrushchev’s Thaw. The first opera to be prematurely cancelled from the Bolshoi Theatre since Stalin was Rodion Shchedrin’s 1961 opera Not Love Alone, and as such, it set the standard for what would be deemed unacceptable in Thaw-era opera. Using this opera as a case study, I employ extensive archival material, including never-before-accessed audience surveys and internal Bolshoi Theatre meeting minutes, to analyse the opera’s path to official acceptance – and then official rejection. I thus illuminate the competing demands that composers, Party bureaucrats, and audiences expected of the Soviet opera project, and the convergences and divergences with the Stalin-era. Finally, I demonstrate why the project of creating a robust repertoire of contemporary-themed Soviet opera failed during the Thaw, never to be revived with such fervour, and demonstrate why Shchedrin’s opera was the attempt closest to achieving enduring success.
