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2 results

  • 6 - Toward a More Precise Thomistic Account of the Instrument Doctrine

  • from Part II - Difficulties and Resolutions
  • J. David Moser, Augustine Institute Graduate School of Theology
  • Book:
    The Humanity of Christ as Instrument of Salvation
    Published online:
    21 August 2025
    Print publication:
    04 September 2025, pp 173-198

  • Summary

    This chapter resolves the problem posed in the previous chapter, namely, the Scotist objection to the instrument doctrine. It argues that of five different strategies, only one solves the problem of coherence, and it is a solution found not only in some of Aquinas’s mature statements on instrumental causality but also in the theology of Matthias Joseph Scheeben (1835-1888), who knew the intricate debates about the doctrine after Aquinas’s time and had developed a unique response to the Scotist objection. The chapter defends Scheeben’s view, known as ’extrinsic elevation’, as the way to preserve the coherence of the two claims that God alone is the cause of grace and that Christ’s humanity is an instrumental efficient cause of grace.