To design and develop a new, innovative and valid School Menu Healthiness Assessment Tool that is suitable for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of school food and drink provision. Second, to analyse primary and secondary school menus and price lists pan-Wales to ascertain their healthiness and whether free school meal (FSM) eligible pupils can afford to access healthy, nutritious food across the school day.

Codable items and categories of school food and drink provision were operationalised before the tool underwent iterative development and testing. Then, cross-sectional content analysis of publicly available documents detailing school food provision (i.e. menus and price lists) was done.

Primary and secondary schools in Wales, UK.

In total, 82 canteen menus were sourced online. This comprised local authority catering for primary (n 22) and secondary (n 19) schools and school-organised catering for primary (n 5) and secondary (n 36) schools.

Intercoder reliability testing found high agreeability between coders, demonstrating that the tool and data interpretation are reproducible and trustworthy. The FSM allowance is not wholly sufficient for all secondary school pupils to purchase a healthy meal from the school canteen. Moreover, the tool identified that oily fish and wholegrain provision were lacking across many menus.

A valuable tool was created, useful for researchers and other health professionals (i.e. dietitians) who are required to analyse the healthiness of school food provision in line with the latest nutritional requirements. This study provides insight into the current school food and drink landscape pan-Wales.

Stigma in lung cancer patients may be associated with various negative outcomes such as increased psychosocial symptoms, severity of physical symptoms, and may act as a barrier to medical help-seeking behavior. The Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale (CLCSS) is one of the most widely used instruments for assessing health-related stigma in lung cancer patients.

To determine the psychometric properties of the CLCSS in a Mexican sample of lung cancer patients.

A non-experimental, instrumental design was employed, using non-probabilistic sampling based on availability. The sample included 265 lung cancer patients. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to assess construct validity, and Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s Omega were used for internal consistency and test-retest reliability, respectively, through Pearson correlation coefficient.

The 17-item version yielded a model with 4 factors (stigma and shame, social isolation, discrimination, and smoking) explaining 50.74% of the variance, with adequate values of internal consistency and test-retest reliability.

The Mexican version of the CLCSS is culturally appropriate, brief, psychometrically valid, and reliable for assessing health-related stigma in Mexican lung cancer patients.

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the psychometric properties of a palliative care self-efficacy instrument developed for intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) staff using Rasch analysis and assess the change in palliative care self-efficacy between 2 time points using Rasch analysis of stacked data.

Staff from 4 nonprofit IDD services organizations in a US Midwestern state (n = 98) answered 11 questions with Likert-style responses at baseline and 1-month follow-up post training. Rasch analysis was performed to examine rating scale structure, unidimensionality, local independence, overall model fit, person and item reliability and separation, targeting, individual item and personal fit, differential item functioning (DIF), and change in palliative care self-efficacy between 2 time points.

The rating scale structure improved when 5 response categories were collapsed to 3. With the revised 3 response categories, the instrument demonstrated good psychometric properties. Principal components analysis of Rasch residuals supported the assumption of unidimensionality. Model fit statistics indicated an excellent fit of the data to the Rasch model. The instrument demonstrated good person and item reliability and separation. Gender-related DIF was found in 1 item, and work tenure–related DIF in 3 items. Overall palliative care self-efficacy improved between 2 time points.

Rasch analysis allowed for a more thorough examination of this palliative care self-efficacy instrument than classical test theory and provided information on rating scale structure, targeting, DIF, and individual persons and items. These recommendations can improve this instrument for research and practical contexts.

This study aimed at assessing the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Spiritual Health Scale-Short Form (SHS-SF).

The methodological research was conducted with Turkish nursing students (n = 310). The sociodemographic question form and the SHS-SF were used as data collection instruments. The Content Validity Index, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) were used for the validity of the scale, and Internal Consistency and Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient for its reliability.

The EFA revealed that five factors accounted for 66.49% of the variance. According to the CFA, the factor loadings for the 24-item scale ranged from 0.40 to 0.91. Goodness-of-fit indices were as follows: χ2/df = 2.39, RMSEA = 0.06, CFI = 0.92, TLI = 0.91, IFI = 0.92. The item-total correlation for the scale items ranged from 0.37 to 0.65. The alpha coefficient for the scale was 0.91.

It is important to identify the level of spiritual health of nurses and nursing students with a valid and reliable scale. The SHS-SF was found to be a reliable and valid scale for use in the Turkish language and culture. The scale can be used for evaluating spiritual health levels among Turkish nurses and nursing students. This will provide an opportunity for planning appropriate interventions to improve the spiritual health level of nurses and nursing students.

Sweden updated its legislation on universal free school meals in 2011 and nutrition was explicitly mentioned. The current study (i) describes cross-sectional changes in school lunch nutritional quality during the following eight years and (ii) examines if repeated self-auditing, using a fully automated, online tool (School Food Sweden), based on the implementation strategy of audit and feedback, was associated with improvements.

Both repeated cross-sectional and longitudinal design. Factors associated with meeting nutritional criteria were examined using variance weighted least squares regression and logistic regression.

Sweden.

Primary schools who self-selected to audit meal quality between March 2012 and July 2019.

Almost half of all (ca 4800) primary schools signed up to use the tool and 1500 audited nutritional quality at least once. Repeated cross-sectional analyses showed the proportion meeting the nutritional criteria increased significantly between 2012/13 (11 %) and 2018/19 (34 %). Longitudinally, each additional audit completed increased the odds of meeting the nutritional criteria by 1·30 (CI 1·20, 1·41), controlling for region and time elapsed since the legislative change. In 774 schools with repeat audits, both number of audits and frequency of accessing feedback predicted meeting the nutritional criteria (OR 2·02, CI 1·23, 3·31), even after adjusting for time since the legislative change and days elapsed since previous audit.

Both legislation and self-audit with automatic feedback appear effective in helping schools to improve school meal quality. Self-audit with feedback may be an effective complement to legislation, or a promising alternative in settings where regulation is not an option.

Emergency nurses play a major role in disaster relief in mainland China, but there is no valid instrument to measure the extent of their disaster preparedness. The Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool© is a reliable instrument to assess the disaster preparedness of nurse practitioners. The tool has been translated and validated in Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, China and the United States of America.

This study aimed at translating and adapting the Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool© (DPET) for emergency nurses in mainland China and determining its psychometric properties.

A total of 2 cross-sectional online surveys were conducted in the emergency departments of 26 public grade III-A hospitals in Guangdong, mainland China. In the first study, 633 emergency nurses were recruited from May to August, 2018. In the second study, 205 were recruited in April 2019.

The instrument was adapted through rigorous forward-backward translation, face validity, and pre-test processes. Exploratory factor and parallel analyses were used in the first study. Confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency and split-half reliability were used in the second study.

Exploratory factor and parallel analyses extracted a 5-factor solution comprising of 34 items that accounted for 64.06% of the total variance. The fit indices indicated a good model fit. The reliability was good, as indicated by a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.97 and a split-half reliability coefficient of 0.97.

The mainland China version of the DPET (DPET-MC) was a reliable and valid instrument and can be used in practice.

This review aimed (i) to identify all positive psychology measures in use with family carers and (ii) to determine their psychometric properties.

Literature searches were made in Ovid MEDLINE, PsychINFO, and Web of Science. The identified measures were then subjected to analysis via an established quality appraisal tool.

Twenty-five instruments representing the positive psychology constructs of resilience, self-efficacy, and positive aspects to caregiving were found. Two reviewers independently evaluated the measures using the quality appraisal tool. The Gain in Alzheimer Care Instrument, the Resilience Scale, and the Caregiver Efficacy Scale were found to be the highest scoring measures within their respective constructs.

Although some robust instruments were identified, there were numerous examples of important psychometric properties not being evidenced in development papers. Future researchers and clinicians should administer evidence-based outcome measures with adequate psychometric properties representing positive and negative constructs to obtain a comprehensive picture of a person’s well-being.