The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of anevidence-based approach to the development, implementation andevaluation of policies aimed at improving nutrition-related healthin the population. Public Health Nutrition was established torealise a population-level approach to the prevention of the majornutrition-related health problems world-wide. The scope is broad andintegrates activity from local, national, regional and internationallevels. The aim is to inform and develop coherent and effectivepolicies that address the key rate-limiting steps critical toimproving nutrition-related public health. This paper sets out therationale for an evidence-based approach to Public Health Nutritiondeveloped under the umbrella of the European Network for PublicHealth Nutrition.