Background: Pediatric neurology trainee numbers have grown considerably inCanada; recent research, however, has shown that the number of pediatricneurology graduates is outpacing the need for future pediatric neurologists.The purpose of this study was to seek the opinion of pediatric neurologyprogram directors and trainees regarding possible solutions for this issue. Methods: Two focus groups were convened during the Canadian NeurologicalSciences Federation annual congress in June 2012; one consisted of currentand former program directors, and the other of current pediatric neurologytrainees. Groups were asked for their perceptions regarding child neurologymanpower issues in Canada as well as possible solutions. Focus groups wereaudio-recorded and transcribed for analysis. Theme-based qualitativeanalysis was used to analyze the transcripts. Results: Major themes emerging from both focus groups included the emphasison community pediatric neurology as a viable option for trainees, includingthe need for community mentors; recognizing the needs of underservicedareas; and establishing academic positions for community preceptors. Theneed for career mentoring and support structures during residency trainingwas another major theme which arose. Program directors and trainees alsogave examples of ways to reduce the current oversupply of trainees inCanada, including limiting the number of trainees entering programs, as wellas creating a long-term vision of child neurology in Canada. Conclusions: A nationwide dialogue to discuss the supply and demand of manpowerin academic and community pediatric neurology is essential. Career guidanceoptions for pediatric neurology trainees across the country merit furtherstrengthening.