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Accepted manuscript

Influence of Cover Crop Termination Strategies on Weed Suppression, Concentration of Residual Herbicides in the Soil, and Soybean Yield

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2025

Lucas O. R. Maia*
Affiliation:
Field Scientist, Corteva Agriscience LLC, Champaign, IL
Shalamar D. Armstrong
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
Eileen J. Kladivko
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
Bryan G. Young
Affiliation:
Professors, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
William G. Johnson
Affiliation:
Professors, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
*
Author for correspondence: Lucas O. R. Maia; E-mail: lucas.oliveiraribeiromaia@corteva.com
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Abstract

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Cover crops and soil residual herbicides are considered essential tools within integrated weed management practices. However, interception of soil-applied herbicides by cover crop residue can reduce weed control and crop yield. Field trials were conducted in 2022 and 2023, in Indiana, to investigate the effect of cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) termination strategies on the concentration of sulfentrazone, S-metolachlor, and cloransulam-methyl in soil, weed control, and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield. Soybean were planted at cereal rye anthesis. Termination strategies included roller crimped cereal rye, standing cereal rye, and a fallow control. The average cereal rye biomass in 2022 and 2023 was 4,061 and 14,211 kg ha-1, respectively. Soybean stands were unaffected in 2022 but were reduced by 24 and 69% in the presence of roller crimped and standing cereal rye, respectively, in 2023. On average, 75 and 84% of the soil residual herbicides applied were intercepted by the roller crimped cereal rye residue in 2022 and 2023, respectively. The use of cereal rye did not improve overall weed control relative to fallow at 18 WAP, in 2022 and 2023. In 2022, roller crimped cereal rye reduced soybean yields by up to 13% in comparison to the presence of to the fallow. In 2023, regardless of management strategy, the use of cereal rye as cover crop reduced soybean yields by an average 44% in comparison to the fallow. Results from this research suggest that the adoption of the planting green system can significantly reduce soybean yield primarily due to stand losses if proper planting equipment is not used. Furthermore, the high levels of cereal rye biomass achieved in both years of the study did not provide additional season-long weed suppression relative to the non-cover crop control.

Information

Type
Research Article
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Weed Science Society of America