Hostname: page-component-7dd5485656-pnlb5 Total loading time: 0.001 Render date: 2025-10-29T17:13:06.418Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Phenotypic analysis of adults and eggs of Fasciola hepatica by computer image analysis system

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2024

M.A. Valero ,
M. Panova  and
S. Mas-Coma
M.A. Valero*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46 100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
M. Panova
Affiliation:
Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46 100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
S. Mas-Coma
Affiliation:
Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46 100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
*
*Fax: 00 34 96 3544769, E-mail: madela.valero@uv.es
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Knowledge of the morphological phenotypes of the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda: Digenea) is analysed. The influence of parasite age on its dimensions, the adult fluke growth model, variation in a biometric variable versus time, and variation in a biometric variable versus another biometric variable (allometric model) are revised. The most useful allometric model appears to be (y2m]#x2212;y2)/y2=c [(y1m−y1)/y1]b, where y1=body area or body length, y2=one of the measurements analysed, y1m, y2m=maximum values towards which y1 and y2, respectively, tend, and c, b=constants. A method based on material standardization, the measurement proposal and allometric analysis is detailed. A computer image analysis system (CIAS), which includes a colour video-camera connected to a stereomicroscope (for adult studies) and a microscope (for egg studies), facilitates the processing of digital imaging. Examples of its application for the analysis of the influence of different factors on the liver fluke phenotype are shown using material from the Northern Bolivian Altiplano, where human and domestic animal fascioliasis is caused by F. hepatica only. Comparisons between the development of livestock fluke populations from highlands and lowlands are discussed and the relationships between host species and liver fluke morphometric patterns is analysed.

Information

Type
Review Article
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 79 , Issue 3 , September 2005 , pp. 217 - 225
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2005

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Akahane, H., Harada, Y. & Oshima, T. (1970) Patterns of the variation of the common liver fluke (Fasciola sp.) in Japan. III. Comparative studies on the external form, size of egg and number of eggs in the uterus of fluke in cattle, goat and rabbit. Japanese Journal of Parasitology 6, 619–627.Google Scholar
Akahane, H., Harada, Y., Oshima, T., Takayama, A. & Ashizawa, H. (1974) Patterns of the variation of the common liver-fluke (Fasciola sp.) in Japan. IV. Comparative studies on the external form, size of egg and number of eggs in the uterus of fluke in pig and horse. Japanese Journal of Parasitology 23, 207–212.Google Scholar
Alberch, P., Gould, S.J., Oster, F. & Wake, D.B. (1979) Size and shape in ontogeny and phylogeny. Paleobiology 5, 296–317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ashizawa, A.H., Nosaka, D. ]#x0026; Osato, K. (1966) [Pathological studies on fascioliasis. VI. Lesions in pig livers infected with Fasciola]. Bulletin of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki 13, 1–63.Google Scholar
Bargues, M.D. & Mas-Coma, S. (1997) Phylogenetic analysis of lymnaeid snails based on 18S rDNA sequences. Molecular Biology and Evolution 14, 569–577.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bergeon, P. & Laurent, M. (1970) Différences entre la morphologie testiculaire de Fasciola hepatica et Fasciola gigantica . Revue d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux 23, 223–227.Google ScholarPubMed
Boray, J.C. (1969) Experimental fascioliasis in Australia. Advances in Parasitology 8, 95–210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buchon, P., Cuenca, H., Quiton, A., Camacho, A.M. & Mas-Coma, S. (1997) Fascioliasis in cattle in the human high endemic region of the Bolivian Northern Altiplano. Research and Reviews in Parasitology 57, 71–83.Google Scholar
Chen, M.G. & Mott, K.E. (1990) Progress in assessment of morbidity due to Fasciola hepatica infection: a review of recent literature. Tropical Diseases Bulletin 87, R1–R38.Google Scholar
Dawes, B. & Hughes, D.L. (1964) Fascioliasis: the invasive stages of Fasciola hepatica in mammalian hosts. Advances in Parasitology 2, 97–168.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Renzi, M. (1997) La forma: sus reglas y evolución, y los datos del resgistro fósil pp. 57–77 in Aguirre, E., Morales, J. & Soria, D. (EDs) Registros fósiles e historia de la Tierra . Madrid, Editorial Complutense.Google Scholar
Dixon, K.E. (1964) The relative suitability of sheep and cattle as hosts for the liver fluke, Fasciola hepaticaL.. Journal of Helminthology 38, 203–212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Esteban, J.G., Bargues, M.D. & Mas-Coma, S. (1998) Geographical distribution, diagnosis and treatment of human fascioliasis: a review. Research and Reviews in Parasitology 58, 13–42.Google Scholar
Esteban, J.G., Flores, A., Angles, R. & Mas-Coma, S. (1999) High endemicity of human fascioliasis between Lake Titicaca and La Paz valley, Bolivia. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 93, 151–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foster, J.R. (1981) A study of the initiation of biliary hyperplasia in rats infected with Fasciola hepatica . Parasitology 83, 253–258.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fuentes, M.V., Valero, M.A., Bargues, M.D., Esteban, J.G., Angles, R. & Mas-Coma, S. (1999) Analysis of climatic data and forecast indices for human fascioliasis at very high altitude. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 93, 835–850.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grock, R., Morales, G., Vaca, J.L. & Mas-Coma, S. (1998) Fascioliasis in sheep in the human high endemic region of the Northern Bolivian Altiplano. Research and Reviews in Parasitology 58, 95–101.Google Scholar
Haroun, E.T.M. & Hillyer, G.V. (1986) Resistance to fascioliasis. A review. Veterinary Parasitology 20, 63–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hillyer, G.V., Soler de Galanes, M., Buchon, P. & Bjorland, J. (1996) Herd evaluation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of Fasciola hepatica infection in sheep and cattle from the Altiplano of Bolivia. Veterinary Parasitology 61, 211–220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hirai, K., Kobayashi, T., Kubo, K. & Shibamoto, T. (1988) Effects of hypobaria on lung fluid balance in awake sheep. Journal of Applied Physiology 64, 243–248.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hopkins, D. (1992) Homing in on helminths. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 46, 626–634.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, H.G. (1921) A revision on the genus Fasciola with particular reference to F. gigantica (Cobbold) and F. nyanzi (Leiper). Parasitology 13, 48–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kendall, S.B. (1965) Relationships between the species of Fasciola and their molluscan host. Advances in Parasitology 3, 59–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levine, B.D., Kubo, K., Kobayashi, T., Fukushima, M., Shibamoto, T. & Ueda, G. (1988) Role of barometric pressure in pulmonary fluid balance and oxygen transport. Journal of Applied Physiology 64, 419–428.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mas-Coma, S. (2004) Human fascioliasis. pp.305–322 in Cotruvo, J.A., Dufour, A., Rees, G., Bartram, J., Carr, R., Cliver, D.O., Craun, G.F., Fayer, R. & Gannon, V.P.J. (EDs) World Health Organization–waterborne zoonoses, identification, causes and control . London, IWA Publishing, Alliance House.Google Scholar
Mas-Coma, S. & Bargues, M.D. (1997) Human liver flukes: a review. Research and Reviews in Parasitology 57, 145–218.Google Scholar
Mas-Coma, S., Montoliu, I. & Valero, M.A. (1984) Méthodologie d'étude morphométrique de la variabilité intraspécifique chez les Digènes de la famille Brachylaimidae Joyeux et Foley, 1930. Bulletin de la Société Neuchâteloise des Sciences Naturelles 107, 185–195.Google Scholar
Mas-Coma, S., Rodriguez, A., Bargues, M.D., Valero, M.A., Coello, J.R. & Angles, R. (1997) Secondary reservoir role of domestic animals other than sheep and cattle in fascioliasis transmission in the Northern Bolivian Altiplano. Research and Reviews in Parasitology 57, 39–46.Google Scholar
Mas-Coma, S., Bargues, M.D. & Esteban, J.G. (1999a) Human fasciolosis Fasciolosis pp.411–434 in Dalton, J.P. (ED.) Wallingford, Oxon CAB International Publishing.Google Scholar
Mas-Coma, S., Esteban, J.G. & Bargues, M.D. (1999b) Epidemiology of human fascioliasis: a review and proposed new classification. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 77, 340–346.Google ScholarPubMed
Mas-Coma, S., Angles, R., Esteban, J.G., Bargues, M.D., Buchon, P., Franken, M. & Strauss, W. (1999c) The human fascioliasis high endemic region of the Northern Bolivian Altiplano. Tropical Medicine and International Health 4, 454–467.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mas-Coma, S., Bargues, M.D., Marty, A.M. & Neafie, R.C. (2000) Hepatic trematodiases pp.69–92 in Meyers, W.M., Neafie, R.C., Marty, A.M. & Wear, D.J. (EDs) Pathology of infectious diseases, Vol. 1. Helminthiases . Washington DC, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology and American Registry of Pathology.Google Scholar
Mas-Coma, S., Funatsu, I.R. & Bargues, M.D. (2001) Fasciola hepatica and lymnaeid snails occurring at very high altitude in South America. Parasitology 123, S115–S127.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mas-Coma, S., Bargues, M.D., Valero, M.A. & Fuentes, M.V. (2003) Adaptation capacities of Fasciola hepatica and their relationship with human fascioliasis: from below sea level up to the very high altitute. pp.81–123 in Combes, C. & Jourdane, J. (Eds) Taxonomy, ecology and evolution of metazoan parasites . Perpignan, Perpignan University Press.Google Scholar
Oshima, K., Ito, T. & Miura, S. (1971) Tissue reactions against immature liver flukes invaded in pigs. Japanese Journal of Veterinary Science 33, 121–126.Google Scholar
Over, H.J. (1982) Ecological basis of parasite control: trematodes with a special reference to fascioliasis. Veterinary Parasitology 2, 85–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Panaccio, M. & Trudgett, A. (1999) Molecular biology. pp. 449–464 in Dalton, J.P. (ED.) Fasciolosis . Wallingford, Oxon CAB International Publishing.Google Scholar
Polyakova-Kr'steva, O. & Gorchilova, L. (1972) [Morphological study of the liver in experimental fascioliasis in pig]. Izvestiya na Tsentralnata Khelmintologichna Laboratoriya , 15, 181–188.Google Scholar
Poulin, R. (1997) Egg production in adult trematodes: adaptation or constraint?. Parasitology 11, 195–204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rice, S.H. (1998) The evolution of canalization and breaking of von Baer's laws: modeling the evolution of development with epistasis. Evolution 52, 647–656.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rim, H., Farag, H., Sornmani, S. & Cross, J. (1994) Food-borne trematodes: ignored or emerging?. Parasitology Today 10, 207–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ross, J.G. (1968) A comparision of the resistance status of host infection with fasciola hepatica. pp. 96–105 in Elwert, N.G. (ED.) Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the world Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology . Marburg Lahn.Google Scholar
Sakai, A., Ueda, G., Kobayashi, T., Kubo, K., Fukushima, M., Yoshimura, K., Shibamoto, T. & Kusama, S. (1984) Effects of elevated hematocrit levels on pulmonary circulation in conscious sheep. Japanese Journal of Physiology 34, 871–882.Google ScholarPubMed
Sarybaeva, D.V., Zakharova, L.A., Vasilenko, A.M., Mikhailova, A.A. ]#x0026; Tulebekov, B.T. (1988) [The immunomodulating action of myelopeptides in hypoxic hypoxia in animals]. Byulleten Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny 106, 691–692.Google ScholarPubMed
Shimizu, A., Fukuda, K., Kawano, J. & Kimura, S. (1994) Pathological changes in the live of a pig experimentally infected with Japanese Fasciola sp. Science Reports of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University 21, 11–17.Google Scholar
Srimuzipo, P., Komalamisra, C., Choochote, W., Jitpakdi, A., Vanichthanakorn, P., Keha, P., Riyong, D., Sukontasan, K., Komalamisra, N., Sukontasan, K. & Tippawangkosol, P. (2000) Comparative morphometry, morphology of egg and adult surface topography under light and scanning electron microscopies, and metaphase karyotype among three size-races of Fasciola gigantica in Thailand. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 31, 366–373.Google ScholarPubMed
Tinar, R. (1984) Yumurta boyutlarina gore Fasciola gigantica ile Fasciola hepatica’ nin ayirimi uzerinde arastirmalar. Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, Ankara Universitesi 31, 207–229.Google Scholar
Valero, M.A. & Mas-Coma, S. (2000) Comparative infectivity of Fasciola hepatica metacercariae from isolates of the main and secondary reservoir animal host species in the Bolivian Altiplano high human endemic region. Folia Parasitologica 47, 17–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Valero, M.A., De Renzi, M. & Mas-Coma, S. (1991) Ontogenetic trajectories: a new approach in the study of parasite development, with special reference to Digenea. Research and Reviews in Parasitology 51, 125–138.Google Scholar
Valero, M.A., Marcos, M. & Mas-Coma, S. (1996) A mathematical model for the ontogeny of Fasciola hepatica in the definitive host. Research and Reviews in Parasitology 56, 13–20.Google Scholar
Valero, M.A., Marcos, M.D., Fons, R. & Mas-Coma, S. (1998) Fasciola hepatica development in experimentally infected black rat, Rattus rattus . Parasitology Research 84, 188–194.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Valero, M.A., Marcos, M.D., Comes, A.M., Sendra, M. & Mas-Coma, S. (1999) Comparison of adult liver flukes from highland and lowland populations of Bolivian and Spanish sheep. Journal of Helminthology 73, 341–345.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Valero, M.A., Panova, M. & Mas-Coma, S. (2001a) Development differences in the uterus of Fasciola hepatica between livestock liver fluke populations from Bolivian highland and European lowlands. Parasitology Research 87, 337–342.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Valero, M.A., Darce, N.A., Panova, M. & Mas-Coma, S. (2001b) Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola hepatica adults and eggs from the Northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic region. Veterinary Parasitology 102, 85–100.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Valero, M.A., Panova, M., Comes, A.M., Fons, R. & Mas-Coma, S. (2002) Patterns in size and shedding of Fasciola hepatica eggs by naturally infected and experimentally infected murid rodents. Journal of Parasitology 88, 308–313.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Waddington, C.H. (1957) The strategy of the genes. A discussion of some aspects of theoretical biology . London, George Allen & Unwin Ltd.Google Scholar
Watanabe, S. (1962) Fascioliasis of ruminants in Japan. Bulletin de l'Office International des Epizooties 58, 313–322.Google Scholar
WHO (1995) Control of foodborne trematode infections. Report of a WHO study group . WHO Technical Report Series 849.Google Scholar