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Questioning a widespread euxinia for the Furongian (Late Cambrian) SPICE event: indications from δ13C, δ18O, δ34S and biostratigraphic constraints

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2015

THOMAS WOTTE  and
HARALD STRAUSS
THOMAS WOTTE*
Affiliation:
Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Strasse 49a, D-50674 Köln, Germany
HARALD STRAUSS
Affiliation:
Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 24, D-48149 Münster, Germany
*
†Author for correspondence: thomas.wotte@uni-koeln.de
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Abstract

Results from a high-resolution study of δ13Ccarb, δ18Ocarb, δ34SCAS, δ34SCRS and elemental concentrations (Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn and Sr) in the Furongian Kyrshabakty section, southern Kazakhstan, are reported here. The investigated interval covers the Drumian to Jiangshanian stages of the Cambrian Period, respectively the regional Ptychagnostus atavus to Ivshinagnostus ivshini-Irvingella major trilobite zones. δ13Ccarb data include the Steptoean positive carbon isotope excursion (SPICE) with a local peak value of +5‰. The onset of SPICE corresponds to the Kormagnostus simplex – Glyptagnostus stolidotus zones and pre-dates the base of the Paibian Stage/Furongian Series. δ34SCAS data already increase during the Lejopyge armata biozone culminating in three positive excursions prior and after the SPICE maximum. Differences in onset, peak values and shape of the δ13Ccarb and/or δ34SCAS excursions at Kyrshabakty, but also in almost all sections characterized by the SPICE, are pointing towards Furongian seawater that was low in sulphate concentration and heterogeneous in its carbonate carbon and sulphate sulphur isotopic composition. The occurrence of benthic faunal elements in almost all SPICE-related sections strongly supports oxygenated conditions at the seafloor, therefore excluding widespread anoxia or euxinia. Regional anoxic conditions are most probable. A positive δ18Ocarb excursion parallel to the SPICE could probably be explained by a decline in seawater pH associated with a sea-level rise. Again, no euxinic conditions would be mandatory for explaining the SPICE event.

Keywords

CambrianSPICEsulphurcarbonoxygenKazakhstan

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Original Articles
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Geological Magazine , Volume 152 , Issue 6 , November 2015 , pp. 1085 - 1103
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Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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