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Chapter 4 - Evolutionary Lifespan Models of Attachment and Reproductive Strategies

from Part II - Parent–Child Relations and Attachment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 September 2025

By
Ohad Szepsenwol  and
Jeffry A. Simpson
Edited by
Satoshi Kanazawa
Satoshi Kanazawa
Affiliation:
London School of Economics and Political Science
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Summary

This chapter considers the role of individual differences in attachment in the development of alternative reproductive strategies as conceptualized in evolutionary lifespan models, with a special emphasis on psychosocial acceleration theory (Belsky et al., 1991). Psychosocial acceleration theory is the primogenitor of several evolutionary lifespan models based on life history theory principles. These models describe how harsh and/or unpredictable childhoods forecast developmental adaptations and reproductive strategies in adulthood. Harshness and unpredictability levels should affect the adaptive calibration of the mating–parenting tradeoff, with harsher or more unpredictable environments forecasting greater mating effort at the expense of parenting effort. The attachment system has been proposed as an important mediator between early environmental exposure and reproductive strategies in adulthood. This chapter provides an overview of evolutionary lifespan models through the years and presents the theoretical rationale for the mediating role of attachment representations. This chapter then reviews empirical findings demonstrating that insecure attachment representations mediate the effects of childhood unpredictability on mating and parenting outcomes in adulthood, including unrestricted sociosexuality, unprotected sex, intimate partner violence perpetration, low relationship quality, negating parental orientations, and low parental support. This chapter concludes with directions for future research on environmentally induced adaptive calibration of life history variables.

Keywords

Life history theorypsychosocial acceleration theoryattachmentchildhood unpredictabilitythe mating–parenting tradeoff

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Genes, Environments, and Differential Susceptibility
Current Topics in Evolutionary Developmental Psychology
 , pp. 83 - 99
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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